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The Dominican Republic is one of the fastest-growing and most dynamic economies in Latin America and the Caribbean. With U.S. agricultural products exports reaching $1.8 billion and consumer-oriented exports reaching $904.2 million in 2021, the country represents the fourth-largest market in the Western Hemisphere, only behind Mexico, Canada, and Colombia.

This report identifies Ecuador’s import requirements for foreign export certificates, highlighting current procedures and identifying the relevant local agencies with oversight over these issues. An export certificate matrix and outline is included. This report supplements the FAS Quito Food and Agricultural Import Regulations (FAIRS) 2022 report.

This report outlines Ecuador’s requirements for food and agricultural product imports. It is a guide on the regulations that exporters need to consider in order to enter their products into the Ecuadorian market. Hyperlinks to ministries, agencies, and legal documents are provided throughout this report.

This report is an overview of the general legal and technical requirements for food and agricultural imports imposed by Kazakhstan. The following sections of this report have been updated from the 2021 FAIRS report: Section VI "Phytosanitary Requirements" relating to planned use of e-phytosanitary certificates within the Eurasian Economic Union.

This report highlights export certification requirements for Kazakhstan. Please note that certification requirements may continue to change as Kazakhstan reforms its standards and regulations to meet Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and WTO commitments.

On May 17, the Government of Iraq (GOI) announced higher purchase prices for locally-produced wheat in an effort to incentivize farmers to market their crop to the Ministry of Trade. On June 8, the GOI also passed a food security bill that allows the government to use public funds to meet urgent food needs, including issuing tenders to import wheat.

The USDA/FAS McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child Nutrition Program is supporting education, child development, and food security in Sri Lanka. The objective of the Sri Lanka McGovern-Dole PALAM/A project is to reduce hunger and improve literacy and primary education, especially for young girls.

Hong Kong does not have any certification changes for food imports since the last report submitted in June 2021. This report lists the certificates required by the Hong Kong Government (HKG) for U.S. agricultural and food exports to Hong Kong.

In 2021, Chile maintained its position as the top market for U.S. consumer-oriented products in South America, followed by Colombia and Peru. The United States held 14 percent of Chilean market share of consumer-oriented products, shipping $886.4 million.

Peru´s food retail sector is projected to grow 5.3 percent in 2022, reaching $26.3 billion. Growth is expected to be driven by better performance of the modern channel, especially in the development of new store formats and an aggressive discounting campaign to encourage sales.

This report provides an overview of the biofuel use mandates in EU-27 member states, including temporary changes in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. It supplements the EU Biofuels Annual Report 2022.

In 2021, the total value of all food and beverage retail sales in Indonesia totaled $72 billion, a 12 percent decrease from the previous year due to COVID-19 pandemic social distancing measures. Traditional markets still dominate the retail food and beverage sector, accounting for 76 percent of market share, although they continue to lose market share to modern retail stores and e-commerce.